AeroVironment’s Jump 20: The VTOL Drone Powering the Future of Military ISR
When you think of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, helicopters probably spring to mind first. Their ability to lift off from just about anywhere makes them an obvious choice for a wide range of operations. However, the unique needs of various operators, particularly in the military, have driven the development of more unconventional VTOL designs.
Enter the Jump 20, a standout product from defense contractor AeroVironment. Built for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions, this drone isn't just any VTOL—it's a fixed-wing aircraft as well. It’s part of the U.S. Army’s Future Tactical Unmanned Aircraft System (FTUAS) program, aimed at finding a suitable replacement for the aging RQ-7B Shadow used by Brigade Combat Teams (BCT).
The Need for a Next-Gen Drone
The RQ-7B Shadow has served the Army well for over two decades but has its limitations. Most notably, it requires a vehicle-mounted catapult for launch and arresting gear for recovery. These constraints are hardly conducive to the quick, mobile operations that modern military engagements often demand.
This is where the Jump 20 shines. Equipped with a 190cc Mogas engine, the drone can stay airborne for over 13 hours and cover distances up to 115 miles (185 km). What’s more, its range can be significantly extended through command station handoffs, enabling it to complete missions in a variety of scenarios. The drone supports an assortment of payloads up to 30 pounds (14 kg), tailored to the specific mission at hand.
The Heavy-Fuel Engine Breakthrough
Earlier this month, AeroVironment successfully tested a heavy-fuel engine on the Jump 20, a development that could push the drone’s capabilities even further. This new engine isn’t just a run-of-the-mill powerplant; it’s purpose-built for unmanned systems and exceeds 15 horsepower. It can run on a variety of fuels, likely ranging from traditional gasoline to Jet-A1, making it adaptable to various operational theaters.
One of the most promising aspects of this engine is its fuel efficiency. It requires a minimal amount of fuel to achieve its performance metrics, which could result in longer mission durations and reduced operational costs. Additionally, the engine is lighter than its gasoline counterpart and features an auto-start capability, reducing the need for operator intervention during missions. Combined, these improvements could make the Jump 20 not only more capable but also more economical in terms of maintenance and long-term use.
The Competitive Landscape
While these advancements are promising, AeroVironment isn't the only player in the game. The company is vying for the FTUAS contract against formidable competitors like Griffon Aerospace, Northrop Grumman, Sierra Nevada, and Textron. The Army is expected to make a decision on its next primary tactical drone next year, and AeroVironment’s recent innovations could give it a substantial edge.
It’s worth noting that the Army has yet to disclose if or when the Jump 20s equipped with the new heavy-fuel engine will enter full production. Nonetheless, the advancements in the Jump 20's engine technology are undeniable. This drone has the potential to be a game-changer for military ISR missions, providing a flexible, reliable, and efficient option for modern combat scenarios.
Looking Ahead
With its dual capabilities as a VTOL and fixed-wing aircraft, AeroVironment’s Jump 20 stands out as a versatile tool in the military’s ISR arsenal. Its recent engine upgrade further boosts its performance metrics, positioning it strongly in the ongoing FTUAS competition. As the U.S. Army evaluates its options, the Jump 20 with its new heavy-fuel engine represents a significant step forward in the evolution of unmanned aerial systems.